December on Oahu sometimes marks the start of the wetter season in Hawaii. Count on daytime temperatures averaging within the excessive 70s Fahrenheit (mid-20s Celsius) with cooler evenings. Rainfall will increase, although it is usually characterised by transient showers interspersed with sunshine. Ocean temperatures stay nice, usually within the mid-70s Fahrenheit (low-20s Celsius). The north shore experiences bigger waves, attracting surfers from across the globe, whereas the south shore sometimes presents calmer waters appropriate for swimming and different water actions.
Understanding Oahu’s December local weather is crucial for planning a profitable journey. Packing for a spread of situations, from heat sunny days to occasional rain showers, ensures consolation. This era presents a novel mix of vibrant pure magnificence with lush landscapes and dramatic ocean swells. Traditionally, December has been a time of transition in Hawaii, marking the start of the Makahiki season, a interval of peace and celebration. Whereas fashionable observances differ, cultural occasions and festivals usually replicate this heritage.
Additional exploration of Oahu’s December climate would possibly contemplate detailed precipitation averages, particular microclimate variations throughout the island, typical wave heights for various shores, and the affect on out of doors actions reminiscent of climbing and whale watching, which turns into extra prevalent throughout this time of yr.
1. Daytime temperatures
Daytime temperatures averaging within the excessive 70s Fahrenheit (mid-20s Celsius) considerably affect December experiences on Oahu. This comfy heat permits for a spread of out of doors actions, from climbing Diamond Head to exploring the Polynesian Cultural Heart, with out extreme warmth stress. Beachgoers can take pleasure in sunbathing and swimming, whereas the reasonable temperatures contribute to nice situations for watersports like snorkeling and kayaking. The excessive 70s additionally facilitate comfy sightseeing and exploration of historic websites like Pearl Harbor, permitting guests to totally immerse themselves within the island’s cultural and historic richness.
This temperature vary represents a departure from the warmer summer season months, making December an interesting time for vacationers preferring milder situations. The excessive 70s create a nice distinction with the cooler evenings, necessitating gentle jackets or sweaters however eliminating the necessity for heavy winter clothes. This attribute temperature profile permits for comfy exploration all through the day and encourages guests to expertise Oahu’s various choices, from bustling metropolis life in Honolulu to the tranquil seashores of the North Shore. Contemplate a hike to Manoa Falls within the morning adopted by a day browsing lesson in Waikiki, all made comfy by the persistently nice daytime temperatures.
In abstract, the excessive 70s daytime temperatures in December contribute considerably to Oahu’s attraction as a year-round vacation spot. This attribute local weather encourages participation in quite a lot of out of doors actions, enhances exploration of the island’s various landscapes, and gives a snug setting for experiencing the distinctive cultural and historic points of interest. Understanding this key facet of Oahu’s December climate permits vacationers to plan accordingly, pack appropriately, and maximize their enjoyment of the island’s various choices.
2. Nighttime temperatures
Cooler nighttime temperatures within the mid-60s Fahrenheit (excessive teenagers Celsius) characterize December in Oahu, distinguishing it from the hotter summer season months. This drop in temperature contributes to a snug sleeping setting, usually eliminating the necessity for air-con. The cooler evenings supply a nice respite from the daytime heat, creating very best situations for night strolls alongside the seaside or having fun with out of doors eating. The temperature shift additionally influences native natural world, contributing to the colourful ecosystem. For instance, sure plant species might expertise elevated flowering or fruiting throughout this era.
The distinction between daytime and nighttime temperatures permits for various experiences all through a 24-hour interval. Guests can take pleasure in swimming and sunbathing in the course of the hotter days and transition to stargazing or attending a luau within the cooler evenings. This temperature fluctuation necessitates packing gentle layers, reminiscent of sweaters or jackets, to make sure consolation after sundown. Sensible implications prolong to power consumption, because the cooler nights can scale back the necessity for synthetic cooling, aligning with sustainable tourism practices. A night hike up Diamond Head presents a spectacular view of the sundown adopted by a snug descent within the cooler air.
In abstract, the cooler nighttime temperatures in December contribute considerably to the general climate expertise on Oahu. This attribute temperature shift permits for various actions, influences the pure setting, and has sensible implications for customer consolation and sustainable practices. Understanding this facet of Oahu’s December climate permits for higher planning and preparation, in the end enhancing the customer expertise.
3. Elevated rainfall
December in Oahu marks a transition to the wetter season in Hawaii. Whereas elevated rainfall is attribute of this era, precipitation sometimes manifests as transient showers reasonably than extended intervals of rain. Understanding this nuance is essential for planning actions and packing appropriately.
-
Bathe Length and Frequency
December showers are usually short-lived, usually lasting solely minutes to an hour. These showers can happen a number of occasions all through the day, interspersed with intervals of sunshine. This sample permits for continued out of doors actions, with quick interruptions for passing showers. Vacationers can usually wait out these transient showers below cowl or alter their itineraries barely to accommodate them.
-
Influence on Out of doors Actions
The intermittent nature of December rainfall minimizes disruption to out of doors actions. Hikers can usually proceed their treks after a brief pause, whereas beachgoers would possibly search momentary shelter below a seaside umbrella. The rain can improve the pure fantastic thing about the island, creating lush landscapes and dramatic waterfalls. Packing a light-weight rain jacket or poncho permits for continued exploration throughout passing showers.
-
Microclimate Variations
Oahu’s various topography creates microclimates, influencing rainfall patterns. Sure areas, significantly the windward (east) facet of the island, expertise extra frequent and heavier rainfall. The leeward (west) facet tends to be drier. Understanding these microclimate variations is crucial for choosing lodging and planning actions. Consulting native climate forecasts gives particular data on anticipated rainfall in several areas of Oahu.
-
Contribution to Lush Panorama
The elevated rainfall in December contributes to the colourful inexperienced landscapes attribute of Oahu. Vegetation flourish, waterfalls stream extra abundantly, and the general surroundings turns into extra lush and vibrant. This elevated rainfall replenishes freshwater sources and helps the island’s various ecosystems. The visible attraction of the verdant landscapes enhances the general customer expertise.
In conclusion, whereas December experiences elevated rainfall on Oahu, its manifestation as transient, intermittent showers permits for continued enjoyment of the island’s various choices. Understanding the traits of those showers, their affect on out of doors actions, the affect of microclimates, and the contribution to the luxurious panorama enhances journey planning and permits guests to totally admire Oahu’s pure magnificence throughout this distinctive time of yr.
4. Ocean temperature
Ocean temperatures within the mid-70s Fahrenheit (low 20s Celsius) throughout December considerably affect the general climate expertise on Oahu. This comfy water temperature performs a key position in shaping varied aquatic actions, impacting marine life conduct, and contributing to the island’s distinctive weather conditions.
-
Swimming and Water Sports activities
The mid-70s ocean temperature gives very best situations for swimming, snorkeling, and different water sports activities. Wetsuits turn out to be elective for a lot of people, enhancing consolation and freedom of motion within the water. This nice temperature encourages longer durations within the ocean, permitting for prolonged exploration of coral reefs, interplay with marine life, and participation in actions like stand-up paddleboarding and kayaking.
-
Marine Life Exercise
Ocean temperature immediately influences marine life conduct and distribution. The mid-70s temperature vary in December can affect the presence and exercise ranges of varied species, together with fish, turtles, and coral. Sure species would possibly migrate or exhibit totally different feeding patterns primarily based on water temperature. This issue can improve or alter snorkeling and diving experiences, probably providing distinctive alternatives for statement.
-
Influence on Air Temperature and Humidity
The comparatively heat ocean temperature contributes to larger humidity ranges and moderates air temperatures alongside the shoreline. The ocean acts as a warmth reservoir, releasing heat into the environment and influencing native climate patterns. This interaction between ocean and air temperature creates a novel microclimate close to the shore, usually characterised by hotter evenings in comparison with inland areas.
-
Affect on Rainfall Patterns
Hotter ocean temperatures contribute to elevated evaporation, which may affect rainfall patterns. The moisture-laden air interacts with the island’s topography, probably resulting in localized showers, significantly on the windward facet. This interaction between ocean temperature and rainfall patterns contributes to the dynamic climate programs attribute of Oahu in December.
In abstract, the mid-70s ocean temperature in December is a defining attribute of Oahu’s climate throughout this era. It immediately influences varied aquatic actions, impacts marine life conduct, and interacts with atmospheric situations to form the island’s distinctive microclimates. Understanding this side of Oahu’s December climate gives priceless context for planning actions, anticipating climate patterns, and appreciating the interconnectedness of the island’s terrestrial and marine environments.
5. North shore
Oahu’s North Shore transforms dramatically in December as giant winter swells arrive, pushed by highly effective storms within the North Pacific. This phenomenon immediately connects to the general climate patterns of “hawaii climate in december oahu,” making a world-renowned browsing vacation spot and impacting native tradition and tourism.
-
Wave Formation and Measurement
The big waves attribute of Oahu’s North Shore in December end result from a mixture of things, together with storm depth, fetch (the gap over which wind blows), and swell route. These swells can attain heights of 20 toes or extra, attracting skilled surfers from across the globe. The dimensions and energy of those waves create a spectacle for each surfers and spectators, contributing considerably to the North Shore’s repute.
-
Influence on Browsing Tradition
The arrival of huge winter swells transforms the North Shore right into a hub of browsing exercise. Skilled browsing competitions, such because the Vans Triple Crown of Browsing, are held throughout this era, drawing worldwide consideration and solidifying Oahu’s place in browsing historical past. Native surf tradition thrives, with skilled surfers showcasing their expertise and sharing their data with guests. The highly effective waves demand respect and experience, shaping the native browsing neighborhood’s id.
-
Tourism and Financial Influence
The big waves and browsing tradition related to Oahu’s North Shore in December considerably affect native tourism. Surfers and spectators flock to the realm, boosting native companies, together with surf outlets, eating places, and lodging. This inflow of tourists contributes to the island’s economic system and gives employment alternatives. The distinctive attract of the North Shore’s winter waves distinguishes it from different Hawaiian locations.
-
Security Concerns and Ocean Situations
The highly effective waves of Oahu’s North Shore in December current inherent security dangers. Swimming and different water actions turn out to be hazardous, restricted to skilled people in designated areas. Sturdy rip currents and unpredictable wave patterns require cautious consideration. Native authorities and lifeguards present steerage on secure practices and seaside closures to make sure customer security. Understanding these situations is paramount for anybody venturing into the ocean.
In conclusion, the big waves and browsing tradition attribute of Oahu’s North Shore in December are intrinsically linked to the island’s total climate patterns. This phenomenon creates a novel setting that influences tourism, shapes native tradition, and calls for respect for the ability of the ocean. Understanding this dynamic interaction between climate and ocean situations is crucial for experiencing and appreciating the North Shore throughout this distinctive time of yr.
6. South shore
The sometimes calmer waters of Oahu’s South Shore in December present a stark distinction to the big waves of the North Shore, immediately influenced by the island’s total climate patterns throughout this era. This distinction creates distinct exercise zones and contributes to the varied attraction of “hawaii climate in december oahu,” providing choices for a variety of pursuits and expertise ranges.
-
Protected Bays and Wave Patterns
The South Shore’s calmer waters end result from its geographical orientation and the safety supplied by bays and reefs. These pure limitations dissipate the power of huge north swells, creating gentler wave situations appropriate for swimming, snorkeling, stand-up paddleboarding, and different beginner-friendly water actions. Waikiki Seashore, as an illustration, sometimes experiences small, rolling waves in December, very best for studying to surf or just having fun with a leisurely ocean dip.
-
Household-Pleasant Actions
The calmer waters of the South Shore create a safer and extra predictable setting for households with younger youngsters. Seashores like Ala Moana Seashore Park supply sheltered swimming areas and calm shallows good for wading and constructing sandcastles. This setting permits households to benefit from the ocean with out the dangers related to robust currents and enormous waves, making the South Shore a preferred selection for household holidays throughout December.
-
Distinction with North Shore Situations
The juxtaposition of calm South Shore waters with the highly effective North Shore swells highlights the varied ocean experiences accessible on Oahu in December. This distinction permits people to decide on actions that align with their talent ranges and preferences. Skilled surfers gravitate in the direction of the North Shore’s difficult waves, whereas households and people in search of calmer waters go for the South Shore. This dynamic underscores the island’s means to cater to a variety of pursuits.
-
Influence on Marine Life and Ecosystems
The calmer waters of the South Shore create distinct marine ecosystems in comparison with the extra turbulent North Shore. Sheltered bays and reefs supply habitats for various fish species, coral, and different marine life. Snorkeling and diving in these calmer waters can present distinctive alternatives to look at these ecosystems with out the challenges introduced by robust currents and bigger waves. The calmer situations additionally facilitate analysis and conservation efforts associated to those particular marine environments.
In conclusion, the calmer waters of Oahu’s South Shore throughout December are a direct consequence of the island’s total climate patterns, providing a definite and priceless counterpoint to the North Shore’s highly effective swells. This dynamic creates a various vary of ocean experiences, catering to households, newbie water sports activities fans, and people in search of a extra tranquil interplay with the Pacific Ocean. Understanding this side of “hawaii climate in december oahu” enhances journey planning and permits guests to totally admire the island’s assorted coastal environments.
7. Humidity
Reasonably excessive humidity is a defining attribute of Oahu’s December climate, influencing consolation ranges, impacting out of doors actions, and contributing to the island’s distinctive tropical setting. Understanding this facet of “hawaii climate in december oahu” is essential for customer preparation and appreciating the interaction between local weather and expertise.
-
Perceived Temperature and Consolation
Reasonably excessive humidity can improve the perceived temperature, making the air really feel hotter than the precise temperature studying. This phenomenon can affect clothes decisions and necessitate elevated hydration. Guests ought to be ready to really feel hotter than anticipated, particularly throughout bodily exercise. Mild, breathable clothes turns into important for sustaining consolation.
-
Influence on Out of doors Actions
Increased humidity can have an effect on bodily exertion throughout out of doors actions like climbing and exploring. Guests would possibly expertise elevated perspiration and fatigue. Planning actions for cooler elements of the day or incorporating frequent relaxation breaks can mitigate these results. Selecting shaded trails or water-based actions presents respite from the humid situations.
-
Affect on Rainfall and Cloud Cowl
Reasonably excessive humidity contributes to the formation of clouds and precipitation. December’s elevated rainfall is partly attributable to the upper moisture content material within the air. This humidity contributes to the luxurious landscapes and vibrant vegetation attribute of Oahu throughout this era. Whereas rain showers are sometimes transient, the humid air can extend the feeling of dampness.
-
Interplay with Ocean Breezes
Ocean breezes supply some reduction from the humidity, significantly alongside coastal areas. The motion of air throughout the ocean floor creates a cooling impact, mitigating the perceived temperature. Looking for places uncovered to those breezes can improve consolation. Coastal areas usually expertise barely decrease humidity ranges in comparison with inland areas.
In abstract, reasonably excessive humidity is an integral element of “hawaii climate in december oahu,” impacting perceived temperatures, influencing out of doors actions, and contributing to the island’s attribute local weather and luxurious vegetation. Recognizing and adapting to this climatic issue permits guests to organize adequately, handle expectations, and totally admire the nuances of Oahu’s December climate.
8. Sunshine
Cloud cowl and intermittent sunshine considerably form the character of “hawaii climate in december oahu.” This sample distinguishes December from the sunnier summer season months and influences varied elements of the island expertise, from out of doors actions to photographic alternatives. Understanding this interaction between sunshine and cloud cowl is crucial for managing expectations and planning accordingly.
-
Affect on Temperature and Perceived Warmth
Cloud cowl moderates temperatures, providing a respite from the potential depth of direct tropical daylight. Whereas daytime temperatures stay nice, intervals of cloud cowl can create a cooler, extra comfy setting, significantly throughout bodily exertion. This interaction between sunshine and clouds contributes to a extra balanced temperature profile all through the day.
-
Influence on Out of doors Actions and Pictures
Intermittent sunshine influences the planning and execution of out of doors actions. Whereas prolonged sunbathing would possibly require strategic timing, cloud cowl can improve climbing and exploration by offering shade and lowering glare. Photographers can leverage the subtle gentle created by cloud cowl to seize dramatic landscapes and vibrant colours, providing distinctive photographic alternatives not sometimes accessible throughout brilliant, sunny situations.
-
Rainfall Patterns and Atmospheric Situations
The presence of cloud cowl is immediately linked to December’s elevated rainfall. Clouds carry moisture, which may result in transient showers all through the day. This sample of intermittent sunshine and passing showers contributes to the luxurious landscapes and vibrant vegetation attribute of Oahu throughout this time. The cloud cowl additionally influences humidity ranges, making a tropical environment distinct from drier intervals.
-
Aesthetic Influence and Visible Selection
The interaction between sunshine and clouds creates a dynamic visible panorama. The shifting patterns of sunshine and shadow add depth and texture to the surroundings, enhancing the aesthetic attraction of Oahu’s pure magnificence. From dramatic sunsets partially obscured by clouds to the interaction of sunshine and shadow on volcanic peaks, the intermittent sunshine creates a consistently evolving visible expertise.
In conclusion, the attribute sample of intermittent sunshine and cloud cowl in December contributes considerably to the general climate expertise on Oahu. This dynamic influences temperatures, impacts out of doors actions, shapes photographic alternatives, and contributes to the island’s distinctive aesthetic attraction. Understanding this facet of “hawaii climate in december oahu” permits guests to understand the nuances of the island’s local weather and adapt their plans accordingly.
9. Whale watching season begins.
The graduation of whale watching season in December is intrinsically linked to “hawaii climate in december oahu,” creating a major intersection between the island’s weather conditions and a outstanding pure phenomenon. Humpback whales migrate to Hawaiian waters throughout this era for breeding and calving, drawn by the hotter, sheltered waters and plentiful meals sources. This inflow coincides with particular environmental components influenced by Oahu’s December climate.
The calmer waters of the South Shore, sheltered from giant north swells prevalent throughout this time, supply very best situations for whale breeding and calving. Water temperatures within the mid-70s Fahrenheit present a snug setting for new child calves. The elevated rainfall and cloud cowl, attribute of December, don’t considerably impede whale watching actions, as sightings usually happen near shore. Moreover, the comparatively clear visibility between rain showers permits for ample statement alternatives. For instance, whale watching excursions departing from harbors like Maalea Harbor on Maui usually encounter whales inside a couple of miles of the shoreline, a testomony to the favorable situations created by the mixed parts of “hawaii climate in december oahu.” This convergence of things establishes December as a chief interval for witnessing these magnificent creatures of their pure habitat.
Understanding this connection between whale migration patterns and December climate on Oahu has vital sensible implications for tourism and conservation efforts. Whale watching excursions contribute to the native economic system, offering employment alternatives and supporting sustainable tourism practices. The inflow of tourists all in favour of whale watching generates income for native companies and raises consciousness concerning the significance of marine conservation. Moreover, the predictable nature of whale migration throughout this era facilitates analysis and monitoring efforts, contributing to a deeper understanding of humpback whale conduct and inhabitants dynamics. The intersection of “Whale watching season begins” and “hawaii climate in december oahu” underscores the fragile steadiness between environmental components and the outstanding pure occasions that form the island’s id.
Ceaselessly Requested Questions on Oahu Climate in December
This FAQ part addresses widespread inquiries concerning Oahu’s climate in December, offering concise and informative responses to facilitate journey planning and handle expectations.
Query 1: How a lot rain can one anticipate on Oahu in December?
Rainfall will increase in December, marking the beginning of the wetter season. Nevertheless, precipitation sometimes happens as transient showers reasonably than extended downpours. Common rainfall varies throughout the island resulting from microclimates, with the windward facet usually experiencing extra rain than the leeward facet.
Query 2: Is swimming possible in December on Oahu?
Ocean temperatures stay nice within the mid-70s Fahrenheit, making swimming comfy. The South Shore usually presents calmer waters appropriate for swimming all through December, whereas the North Shore experiences bigger waves, attracting surfers however posing dangers for informal swimmers.
Query 3: What clothes is beneficial for December in Oahu?
Packing layers is advisable. Daytime temperatures within the excessive 70s Fahrenheit necessitate gentle clothes, whereas cooler evenings within the mid-60s Fahrenheit require sweaters or gentle jackets. A light-weight rain jacket or poncho can also be beneficial for infrequent showers.
Query 4: Are out of doors actions affected by December climate?
Most out of doors actions stay possible. Transient rain showers would possibly trigger momentary interruptions, however not often necessitate full cancellation. Hikers, beachgoers, and sightseers can usually proceed with their plans, adjusting schedules as wanted to accommodate passing showers.
Query 5: Is December an acceptable time for whale watching?
December marks the start of whale watching season. Humpback whales migrate to Hawaiian waters throughout this era, providing glorious viewing alternatives. Whale watching excursions function all through December, offering guests with an opportunity to look at these magnificent creatures.
Query 6: How does December climate differ throughout varied elements of Oahu?
Microclimates considerably affect climate patterns throughout Oahu. The windward facet tends to expertise extra rainfall and cloud cowl, whereas the leeward facet stays drier and sunnier. The North Shore experiences giant waves, contrasting with the calmer waters of the South Shore. Understanding these microclimate variations is crucial for choosing lodging and planning actions.
Cautious consideration of those continuously requested questions permits for efficient planning and preparation, guaranteeing a extra pleasant and knowledgeable expertise of Oahu’s distinctive December climate.
Additional exploration would possibly delve into particular microclimate particulars, common rainfall statistics by area, and detailed data on whale watching tour availability.
Suggestions for Navigating Oahu’s December Climate
Cautious planning ensures a snug and pleasant expertise of Oahu’s distinctive December local weather. The following tips present sensible steerage for navigating the island’s climate patterns throughout this era.
Tip 1: Pack for Assorted Situations: December climate on Oahu necessitates preparation for each heat, sunny days and occasional rain showers. Packing layers, together with gentle clothes, sweaters or gentle jackets, and a rain jacket or poncho, permits for adaptation to fluctuating situations.
Tip 2: Seek the advice of Localized Climate Forecasts: Microclimates considerably affect rainfall and temperature throughout the island. Consulting localized forecasts gives particular data related to deliberate actions and chosen lodging.
Tip 3: Respect Ocean Situations: Ocean security stays paramount. Giant waves on the North Shore throughout December current vital dangers for inexperienced swimmers and surfers. Heeding lifeguard warnings and understanding ocean currents is essential.
Tip 4: Plan for Intermittent Sunshine: Cloud cowl and intermittent sunshine characterize December. Out of doors actions ought to be deliberate with flexibility, permitting for changes primarily based on altering climate situations. Dawn and sundown viewing occasions will be affected by cloud cowl.
Tip 5: Keep Hydrated: Reasonably excessive humidity can improve perceived temperatures and speed up dehydration. Sustaining ample hydration, significantly throughout bodily exercise, is crucial for well being and luxury.
Tip 6: Make the most of Reef-Protected Sunscreen: Defending pores and skin from the solar stays essential, even on cloudy days. Choosing reef-safe sunscreen minimizes environmental affect whereas guaranteeing ample solar safety.
Tip 7: E-book Lodging and Excursions in Advance: December marks the start of peak season, together with the beginning of whale watching season. Reserving lodging and excursions prematurely secures most popular decisions and avoids potential disappointment resulting from restricted availability.
Tip 8: Embrace the Sudden: Climate patterns can shift quickly on Oahu. Sustaining flexibility and embracing the sudden ensures a extra pleasant and adaptable strategy to experiencing the island’s dynamic December local weather.
The following tips present a framework for navigating Oahu’s December climate, maximizing enjoyment of the island’s various choices whereas minimizing potential disruptions attributable to fluctuating situations. Preparedness ensures a richer and extra fulfilling expertise of this distinctive interval in Oahu’s annual climate cycle.
The next conclusion synthesizes key data introduced all through this exploration of Oahu’s December climate, providing closing suggestions for potential vacationers.
Conclusion
Oahu in December presents a novel mix of weather conditions. Reasonably excessive temperatures, coupled with elevated rainfall and intermittent sunshine, create a dynamic setting distinct from different occasions of the yr. The arrival of huge north swells transforms the North Shore right into a browsing haven, whereas calmer south shore waters supply alternatives for swimming and different water actions. The start of whale watching season provides one other dimension to the island’s December attract. Understanding these interconnected elementstemperature fluctuations, rainfall patterns, ocean situations, and the arrival of humpback whalesprovides a complete perspective on “hawaii climate in december oahu.”
Profitable navigation of Oahu’s December climate hinges on preparedness and knowledgeable decision-making. Packing for diverse situations, consulting localized climate forecasts, and respecting ocean situations are essential for maximizing enjoyment and minimizing potential disruptions. Embracing the dynamic nature of this era permits guests to totally admire the island’s various choices, from the dramatic surf of the North Shore to the tranquil waters of the South Shore. In the end, a well-informed strategy ensures a rewarding and enriching expertise of Oahu’s distinctive December local weather.